The fatty acid composition of three unicellular algal species used as food sources for larvae of the American oyster (Crassostrea virginica) |
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Authors: | Chu Fu-Lin E Dupuy John L |
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Affiliation: | (1) School of Marine Science, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William and Mary, 23062 Gloucester Point, VA |
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Abstract: | The total lipid and fatty acid content of 3 algal species,Pyramimonas virginica, Pseudoisochrysis paradoxa andChlorella sp., which have been successful as food sources for rearing larvae of the American oyster,Crassostrea virginica, was determined. Of the fatty acids of ω6 and ω3 families which have been shown to be essential fatty acids for normal growth
in many animals, only the ω6 fatty acids were found to be higher in these 3 species of algae than in the traditional oyster
larvae diet which consists of the algaeMonochrysis lutheri andIsochrysis galbana. The major fatty acid constituents of the total lipids of the 3 species were the C12, C14, C16 and C18 saturated fatty acids
and the C16 and C18 mono- and polyunsaturated acids. These components constituted 70–93% of the total lipid in cultures of
all ages. There were modest amounts of C20 and C22 polyunsaturated acids; some of these existed only in trace amounts. InP. virginica andChlorella sp., hexadecanoic acid was dominant (23–39%). The presence of large quantities of tetradecanoic acid (22–26%) and oleic acid
(17–21%) was characteristic ofP. paradoxa. Chlorella sp. had the highest proportion of octadecatrienoic acid (18∶3ω3) which accounted for up to 17% of the total lipids. γ-Linolenic
acid (18∶3ω6) was found only inChlorella sp., but in the 5th-day culture only. The lowest proportion of total polyethylenic acid was inP. paradoxa; however, lipid analyses showed this alga had the most lipid/individual cell. Some variations were observed in the fatty
acid composition with age of the culture.
Contribution No. 883 of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA 23062. |
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