基于协调负荷调度模型的蓄热采暖解耦方法

中国“三北”地区冬季受煤电机组供热期、水电机组枯水期、风电机组大发期的相互叠加影响，出现巨额弃风和环境污染问题。将具有可控特性的蓄热电采暖作为调峰调度资源，在调峰困难时段降低CHP强迫出力并实现移峰填谷，增加风电冬季上网空间，形成源荷互动的负荷调度模式。首先研究CHP机组电-热耦合特性，然后构建风电-蓄热补偿的热电解耦方案，以系统运营成本最小和系统污染排放量最小为目标建立多目标负荷调度模型，最后采用修正多目标粒子群算法对模型进行求解，通过小生境技术保持Pareto解集的多样性。算例结果表明所构建的电锅炉蓄热式调度方案可以有效消纳风电，达到环境和经济指标的综合最优，具有较好的应用前景。

Heat Storage Decoupling Method Based on Coordinated Load Scheduling Model

In the winter of China's northern area, the heating period of coal-fired units, the dry season of hydropower units and the period of large-scale wind power generation are superimposed, and there exist serious problems of wind curtailment and environmental pollution. The controllable heat storage electric boilers are used in this paper as peak regulation and dispatch resources, in order to reduce the forced output of CHP and get a lower load peak and a higher load valley when it's hard to regulate the peak load, and to increase the wind power accommodation capacity of power grid in winter, and to form a load-dispatching model featuring source-load coordination. The power-heat coupling characteristics of CHP units are firstly studied; and then a heat-power decoupling scheme is formulated for wind power-heat storage compensation, and a multi-objective load-dispatching model is built with the objective of minimizing both the operation cost and pollutant emission of the power system; finally, the corrected multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the model, and the diversity of the Pareto set is maintained by using niche method. Case study shows that the proposed dispatching scheme with electric boiler heat storage can effectively promote accommodation of wind power with optimum environmental and economic benefits, and has a very good application prospect.