中国部分沿海海域牡蛎体内多环芳烃和多氯联苯的空间分布及组分特征

对中国部分沿海海域牡蛎体内16种多环芳烃(PAHs)和16种和多氯联苯(PCBs)空间分布和组分特征进行分析，于2010年夏、秋季在辽宁、山东、浙江、福建及广东共设置175个采样点，分布采用气相色谱-质谱联和气相色谱方法进行检测分析。结果显示：所取175个采样点牡蛎体内16种PAHs总含量的平均值为3.79μg/kg，其中浙江省被测样品的PAHs总含量最低，辽宁相对略高；检测样品16种PCBs总含量在1.41～13.95μg/kg之间；PCBs含量总的空间变化趋势是由北向南先增加后减少；样品的PAHs优势组分为三环结构，五环和六环PAHs含量很低；PCBs被检出的仅有三氯代和五氯代两种。被测牡蛎样品总体PAHs和PCBs残留量符合中国和一些发达国家贝类卫生标准，不影响消费者食用安全。

Geographical Distribution and Composition Characteristics of PAHs and PCBs in Oysters from Coastal Waters of China

The geographical distribution and composition characteristics of 16 types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 16 types of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in oysters from parts of Chinese coastal waters were analyzed by GC-MS and GC, respectively. In the summer and fall of 2010, 175 sampling sites were set up in Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong provinces. The results indicated the average total content of 16 types PAHs in oysters across 175 sampling sites was 3.79 μg/kg, and the lowest total content of PAHs was found in oyster samples from Zhejiang province while oyster samples from Liaoning province contained slightly more PAHs. The average total content of 16 types of PCBs in oysters across 175 sampling sites was between 1.41 and 13.95 μg/kg. The geographical distribution of PCBs from north to south first increased and then decreased. PAHs with tricyclic structure were predominant in oyster, and the contents of five- and six-ring PAHs were very low. Only PCBs with three or five chlorine atoms were found in oyster. The overall PAHs and PCBs residues in oyster samples met the sanitary standards for shellfish of China and several developed countries.