Computer aided fuel cell design and scale-up,comparison between model and experimental results |
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Authors: | G Squadrito O Barbera G Giacoppo F Urbani E Passalacqua |
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Affiliation: | (1) CNR-ITAE, Via Salita S. Lucia sopra Contesse 5, 98126 Messina, Italy |
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Abstract: | The present work illustrates the employment of an Automatic Scale-up Algorithm (ASA) to design a 200 cm2 multiple serpentine (MS) flow field for a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC). With a fixed fuel cell active area and total
pressure drop, the algorithm provides the flow-field design solution characterized by a specific set of parameters including
channel width, rib width, channel height, covering factor, number of switchbacks, Reynolds number and pressure drop. It is
known that a correlation exists between the mass flow passing through the electrode and the pressure drop, influencing the
fuel cell performance. A pressure drop range from 5 to 45 kPa with steps of 5 kPa has been investigated. Numerical simulations
performed on each geometry set have permitted a comparison of the flow-field total pressure drop with the analytical compressible
calculation, and to evaluate the mass flow rate passing through the electrode and in the flow field channels separately. A
comparison between ASA and CFD results has highlighted that the methodology is able to find a flow-field geometry that matches
target geometrical and fluid dynamic requirements. A better agreement between the Automatic Scale-up Algorithm and direct
CFD pressure drop calculation has been obtained taking into account the gas compressibility effects. The increase of the mass
flow rate vs flow-field total pressure drop is also reported. A better understanding of the gas shorting phenomenon has been
achieved by CFD post-processing, in terms of gas velocity profiles and pressure drop between adjacent channels. Since the
gas shorting is a pressure driven effect, the total mass flow rate percentage passing through the porous backing has been
related to the shorting velocity and geometrical parameters of the porous backing; moreover proportionality between “shorting”
pressure drop and ratio of flow field total pressure drop and switchback number has been highlighted. |
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Keywords: | CFD design correlation flow field design PEM fuel cell serpentine channels |
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