Eosinophil sequestration and activation are associated with the onset and severity of systemic adverse reactions following the treatment of onchocerciasis with ivermectin |
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Authors: | PJ Cooper K Awadzi EA Ottesen D Remick TB Nutman |
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Affiliation: | Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0425, USA. pcooper@atlas.niaid.nih.gov |
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Abstract: | To investigate the role of eosinophil activation and sequestration in the development and severity of adverse reactions after the treatment of Onchocerca volvulus infection, 40 O. volvulus-infected Ghanaians were randomized to receive placebo or standard- or high-dose ivermectin. Subjects were examined for typical physiologic and clinical events before and up to 48 h after treatment. Plasma samples were tested for interleukin (IL)-5 and eosinophil degranulation products (e.g., eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, EDN). After treatment, peripheral eosinophil counts declined in ivermectin-treated groups (P<.001), whereas circulating levels of IL-5 (P<.01) and EDN (P<.05) increased. Cumulative levels of IL-5 and EDN correlated with reaction scores (P<.01). High-dose ivermectin was associated with more-severe reactions, more-profound eosinopenia, and higher circulating levels of IL-5 and EDN, compared with the standard dose. These results suggest that eosinophil sequestration and activation/degranulation are associated with the initiation and severity of ivermectin-associated adverse reactions. |
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