长白山地区园参地空间及地形分布特征研究

以长白山地区园参地为研究对象,利用2013年6月—9月野外考察的GPS园参地采样点数据与经预处理后的研究区Landsat 8OIL影像及基于数字高程模型(DEM)提取的研究区坡向、坡度图进行叠加,获取了不同波段组合下的园参地遥感信息的判读依据及其坡向、坡度分布图.分别基于人工目视解译及平均和变异分析法得出了园参地的空间和地形分布特征,结果显示:(1)在562波段下,园参地遥感信息呈淡蓝绿色且纹理较均一的不规则长条四边形地块;652波段下,园参地遥感信息呈白色且纹理较均一的不规则长条四边形地块.(2)研究区园参地分布面积从大到小排序为:抚松>靖宇>长白>安图>敦化>汪清>珲春>和龙.(3)园参种植的最适海拔高度范围为600⁸00m,最适坡度范围为0800m,最适坡度范围为0⁸°,最适坡向为西坡;研究区园参地分布的3个地形因子的平均值为:高程624m,坡度9.5°,坡向173(南坡).在此基础上探讨了园参地空间分布特征的自然驱动机制(地形与气候)和人文驱动机制(栽培历史和政府政策).

Study on spacial and topographical distribution characteristics of garden ginseng land in Changbai Mountain region

Taking garden ginseng land in Changbai Mountain region as the research object, we superimposed field GPS sampling points from June to September in 2013 and the preprocessing Landsat 8 OIL images of study area together as well as the extracting slope and aspect images of the research region based on the digital elevation model （DEM） so as to get remote sensing information characteristics of garden ginseng land under different band combination and distribution maps of its slope and aspect. Based on artificial visual interpretation and the average and variance analysis method （AAVAM） respectively, we got its and topographical distribution features. The results show that： （1） Under 562 band the remote sensing information of garden ginseng land is that it appears pale blue and green irregular strip quadrilateral plots with the relatively uniform texture, while under 652 bands it appears white irregular strip quadrilateral plots with the relatively uniform texture. （2） The order of garden land area from large to small is： Fusong〉Jingyu〉Changbai〉Antu〉Dunhua〉Hunchun〉Helong. （3） The optimal range of elevation, slope and aspect respectively for planting garden ginseng is 600 -800 m, 0 - 8°, and 247.5 - 292.5 （western aspect） ; the averages of three terrain factors of garden ginseng land are as follows： elevation 624 m, slope 9.5°, aspect 173 （southern slope）. Based on this we further discussed its natural driving mechanism （terrain and climate） and human driving mechanism （cultivation history and government policy） under the spacial distribution pattern.