中国低渗透砂岩气藏开发现状及发展方向

低渗透砂岩气藏地质条件复杂，开发难度大。针对块状、层状和透镜状3类低渗透砂岩气藏的不同开发特征，国内初步形成了3类低渗透砂岩气藏开发模式：①块状：底部避射控制底水、长井段压裂改造和中后期加密调整；②层状：双分支水平井、定压生产，单井初期高产、井间接替，或直井压裂、定产生产；③透镜状：加密井网、滚动开发。但现在仍面临单井产量低、经济效益差等挑战。为实现该类气藏规模有效开发，针对低渗透砂岩气藏开发提出了几点建议：①根据气藏地质条件优选相应技术系列；②加强渗流理论研究、深入认识气藏开发机理；③进一步加强压裂技术攻关；④加快小井眼技术的配套完善。

The status quo and development trend of exploiting low-permeability gas sandstone reservoirs in China

Low permeability gas sandstone reservoirs are characterized by complicated geologic condition, and their development has become a great challenge. This paper introduces different exploitation modes formed as follows according to three types of low permeability gas sandstone reservoirs in China: a. the block sandstone beds: bottom perforating without water coning, fracturing reconstruction in long hole section and infilling adjustment in intermediary and later stage; b. the layered sandstone beds: production by dual branch horizontal well and under constant pressure, or high production at early stage in a single well and then interwell relaiding, or straight hole fracturing treatment and regulating the quota of production; c. the lenticular sandstone beds: well pattern infill and rolling development. But even so, there still exists problems of low individual well producing rate and poor economic profit. To achieve the effective development of low permeability gas sandstone reservoir, it is suggested that optimization technology series should be determined according to the geologic condition, the research of percolation theory, in depth understanding of the mechanism of gas reservoir development should be strengthened, the technologies of fracturing should be further enhanced, and the matching technology of slim hole should be speeded up, and so on.