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Influence of carbon nanotubes on the thermal, electrical and mechanical properties of poly(ether ether ketone)/glass fiber laminates
Authors:Ana M Díez-Pascual  Behnam Ashrafi  Mohammed Naffakh  José M González-Domínguez  Andrew Johnston  Benoit Simard  M Teresa Martínez  Marián A Gómez-Fatou
Affiliation:aDepartment of Polymer Physics and Engineering, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;bInstitute for Aerospace Research, NRC, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Canada;cDepartment of Nanotechnology, Institute of Carbon Chemistry (CSIC), Miguel Luesma Castan 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain;dSteacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, NRC, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Canada
Abstract:Novel poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/glass fiber laminates incorporating polysulfone as a compatibilizing agent were fabricated by melt-blending and hot-press processing. Their morphology, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties were investigated and compared with the behavior of similar non-compatibilized composites. Scanning electron micrographs demonstrated better SWCNT dispersion for samples with polysulfone. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated a remarkable improvement in the thermal stability of PEEK/glass fiber by the incorporation of SWCNTs wrapped in the compatibilizer, ascribed to a significant thermal conductivity enhancement. Differential scanning calorimetry showed a decrease in the crystallization temperature and crystallinity of the polymer with the addition of both wrapped and non-wrapped SWCNTs. The laminates exhibit anisotropic electrical behavior; their conductivity out-of-plane is lower than that in-plane. Dynamic mechanical studies revealed an increase in the storage modulus and glass transition temperature in the presence of polysulfone. Mechanical tests demonstrated significant enhancements in stiffness, strength and toughness by the incorporation of wrapped nanofillers, whilst the mechanical properties of non-compatibilized composites only improved marginally. Samples with laser-grown SWCNTs exhibit enhanced overall performance. This investigation confirms that SWCNT-reinforced PEEK/glass fiber compatibilized composites possess excellent potential to be used as multifunctional engineering materials in industrial applications.
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