快速静脉注射对小鼠肝细胞超微结构的影响

目的：观察快速静脉注射对小鼠肝细胞超微结构的影响。方法：通过小鼠尾静脉以不同速度快速注射大体积的生理盐水，在注射后不同时间经眼眶取血，检测血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平；取小鼠肝脏在透射电镜下观察肝细胞超微结构的改变。结果：电镜下8s注射组在注射后10h。肝细胞内可见线粒体轻度肿胀，3天后基本恢复到正常超微结构。3s注射组肝细胞胞浆内糖原颗粒减少出现空化区，部分肝细胞线粒体内可见灶性絮状致密区，7天后基本恢复到正常超微结构。尾静脉注射生理盐水后10h，8s注射组和3s注射组小鼠血清中ALT、AST水平均最高，24h后均开始快速下降，7天后ALT、AST恢复至正常水平。结论：快速静脉注射可以引起肝细胞超微结构损伤，损伤程度与注射速度有关。

Effect of rapid intravenous injection on ultrastructure of hepatocytes of mouse

Objective:To observe the effect of rapid intravenous injection on ultrastructure changes of mouse hepatocytes.Methods:Saline was injected into tail vein with different speed by rapid intravenous injection.The blood was taken from retro-orbital plexus of mice at different time points for determination of serum ALT and AST level.The ultrastructure changes of hepatocytes of injected mouse were observed under electron microscope.Results:Under electron microscope, swelling mitochondria of hepatocytes were seen in mice with 8 seconds of injection at 10h after injection.At day 3 after injection,the ultrastructure of hepatocyte was return to normal.In mice with 3 seconds of injection,reduce of glycogen and woolly focal densities in mitochondria were found in some hepatocytes. At day 7 after injection,the ultrastructure of hepatocyte was return to normal.The highest level of ALT and AST were observed at 10h and declined sharply at 24h,fell to the normal level at day 7 after injection in both mice with 8 seconds and mice with 3 seconds of injection.Conclusion:Rapid intravenous injection can cause the ultrastructural injury of hepatocytes,the severity of injury is related to the injection speed.