无机磷酸盐基复合涂层在表面防护技术中的研究现状及应用进展

无机磷酸盐基复合涂层因其优异的耐高温、耐核/空间辐照及良好的特殊介质相容性等优点,被广泛应用于航空航天等军工高技术及民用工业领域。从不同种类及半径大小的金属离子制备得到的不同结构的粘结剂出发,详细介绍了无机磷酸盐基复合涂层的种类,对无机磷酸盐基粘结剂的粘结性能、耐热性能和储存稳定性进行了对比,并对其各自的优缺点进行了概述。详细总结了无机磷酸盐基复合涂层在高温防护、腐蚀防护、润滑防护、空间耦合辐照及地面强辐射环境等相关领域的应用现状,阐述了无机磷酸盐基复合涂层在不同使役条件下的防护机理。针对目前无机磷酸盐基复合涂层在不同领域应用时所面临的问题,提出了进一步改进无机磷酸盐基复合涂层性能的一些技术手段和方法。特别地,基于无机磷酸盐基复合涂层优异的抗辐射性能、耐高温性能,良好的空间环境适应性以及耐候性等独特性能,对无机磷酸盐基复合涂层在航空航天、武器装备和核技术等高技术产业表面防护中亟待解决的关键科学和技术问题进行了探讨,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。

Research Progress of Inorganic Phosphate-based Composite Coatings in the Surface Protection Fields

Inorganic phosphate-based composite coatings are widely used in military high-tech fields of aerospace and civil industrial fields due to their excellent high-temperature resistance, nuclear/space-resistant irradiation and good compatibility with special media. The types of inorganic phosphate-based composite coatings were introduced in detail based on binders with different structures prepared by various metal ions of different types and radius sizes. Besides, the bonding properties, heat resistance and storage stability of inorganic phosphate-based adhesives were described and compared, and their respective advantages and weaknesses were outlined in detail. The current application of inorganic phosphate-based composite coatings in the field of high temperature protection, corrosion protection, lubrication protection, space coupling irradiation and ground strong radiation environment was comprehensively summarized. The protective mechanisms of inorganic phosphate-based composite coatings under different service conditions were also described. In view of the problems faced by the application of inorganic phosphate-based composite coatings in different fields, some technical means and methods to further improve the properties of inorganic phosphate-based composite coatings were proposed. In particular, considering the unique properties of inorganic phosphate-based composite coatings, such as excellent radiation resistance, high temperature resistance, good space environment adaptability and weather resistance, the key scientific and technical issues that need to be solved in the surface protection of high-tech industries like aerospace, weapons and nuclear technology were discussed, and their development trends were also prospected.