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Cadmium in the food chain near non-ferrous metal production sites
Authors:V Vromman  C Saegerman  L Pussemier  A Huyghebaert  L DE Temmerman  J-C Pizzolon
Affiliation:1. Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain , Administration of Control Policy, Secretariat of the Scientific Committee , Brussels, Belgium valerie.vromman@afsca.be;3. Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Liege , Boulevard de Colonster 20, B43b, B-4000, Liege, Belgium;4. Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre (VAR-CODA-CERVA) , Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium;5. Department of Food Technology and Nutrition , Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
Abstract:Dietary cadmium (Cd) exposure was estimated for adults living in Cd-contaminated areas close to non-ferrous metal plants and compared with dietary Cd exposure in the general Belgian adult population. To evaluate the contamination levels of locally produced food items, 35 fruit samples, 97 vegetable samples, 98 samples of potatoes and 53 samples of meat, liver and kidney of cattle, which had resided for more than 18 months in the contaminated area, were analyzed for Cd. Mean Cd concentrations in fruit and vegetables were 1.1- to 9-fold higher than in samples from other regions at ambient Cd levels. Mean Cd concentrations in bovine meat, liver and kidney were 2-fold higher compared to samples from animals in other regions of Belgium. The estimated dietary intake was 31.3 and 63.3 µg day?1 for average and large consumers, respectively, in the contaminated area, compared to 17 and 38.3 µg day?1, respectively, for the general adult population. Excessive consumption of locally produced food items in areas close to non-ferrous metal plants could result in Cd intake levels exceeding the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI).
Keywords:Cadmium  dietary intake  risk assessment  pollution  cattle  vegetables
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