MCA阻燃剂的合成及其在PA6中的应用

目的用一种新的方法合成三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA),并探究其在聚酰胺6(PA6)中的应用。方法将三聚氰胺(MA)、氰尿酸(CA)和少量水混合成膏状物,并使其在室温下反应一定时间,再加入少量MCA,使其继续反应以制备MCA阻燃剂。将制备的MCA与PA6熔融共混制备阻燃PA6复合材料,用FTIR,XRD,TG,SEM对制备的MCA进行表征,对阻燃PA6复合材料的阻燃和力学性能进行测试。结果所制MCA的FTIR和XRD特征峰与在水中合成MCA的特征峰一致;所合成的MCA最大热失重温度达到451.7℃。在阻燃剂质量分数为8%时,阻燃PA6复合材料的极限氧指数(LOI)为29%,阻燃性能达到UL-94V0级。随着阻燃剂含量的增加复合材料的力学性能有所降低,当阻燃剂质量分数为8%时,拉伸强度为66.4 MPa,冲击强度为4.7 kJ/m~2。结论用文中方法合成的MCA具有工艺简单、不需加热、耗水量低等优点,大大提高了PA6复合材料的阻燃性能。

Preparation of MCA Flame Retardants and Its Application in PA6

The work aims to synthesize melamine cyanurate (MCA)in a new method, and explore its application in polyamide 6 (PA6). Melamine (MA), cyanuric acid (CA) and a small amount of water were mixed into paste and the paste reacted for a certain time at room temperature. Then, a small amount of MCA was added for the paste to continue reacting for the preparation of MCA (flame retardant).The MCA and PA6 were blended to prepare flame retardant PA6 composites. MCA was characterized by FTIR, XRD, TG and SEM, and the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of flame retardant PA6 composites were tested. The results showed that the FTIR and XRD characteristic peaks of MCA were consistent with those of the MCA synthesized in the water. The maximum thermogravimetic temperature of the synthesized MCA reached 451.7 °C. When the mass fraction of flame retardant was 8%, the limited oxygen index (LOI) of flame retardant PA6 composites reached 29% and the flame retardancy was UL-94 V0. With increase of the flame retardant content, the mechanical properties of the composites decreased gradually. When the mass fraction of flame retardant was 8%, the tensile strength was 66.4 MPa and the impact strength was 4.7 kJ/m2. Therefore, the MCA synthesized by the proposed method and featured by simple technology, requiring no heating and low water consumption, greatly improves the flame retardancy of PA6 composites.