Comparative study on pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis upgrading of biomass model compounds: Thermochemical behaviors,kinetics, and aromatic hydrocarbon formation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-Efficient Utilization Technology of Forestry Resources, China;2. University Key Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Yunnan Province, China;3. Engineering Laboratory for Highly-Efficient Utilization of Biomass, Yunnan Province, China;4. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China;5. Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China;6. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri Sarawak, Malaysia;2. Biomass Processing Lab, Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Sustainable Living, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia;1. Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, 710021, China;2. Precision Manufacturing Engineering Department, Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology, Suzhou, 215104, China;1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;2. National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand;3. Energy Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand |
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| Abstract: | In order to understand the pyrolysis mechanism, reaction kinetic and product properties of biomass and select suitable agricultural and forestry residues for the generation desired products, the pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis characteristics of three main components (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) of biomass were investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) with a fixed-bed reactor. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and elemental analysis were used for further characterization. The results showed that: the thermal stability of hemicellulose was the worst, while that of cellulose was higher with a narrow range of pyrolysis temperatures. Lignin decomposed over a wider range of temperatures and generated a higher char yield. After catalytic pyrolysis over HZSM-5 catalyst, the conversion ratio increased. The ratio for the three components was in the following order: lignincellulose < biomass < xylan. The Starink method was introduced to analyze the thermal reaction kinetics, activation energy (Ea), and the pre-exponential factor (A). The addition of HZSM-5 improved the reactivity and decreased the activation energy in the following order: xylan (30.54%) > biomass(15.41%) > lignin (14.75%) > cellulose (6.73%). The pyrolysis of cellulose gave the highest yield of bio-oil rich in levoglucosan and other anhydrosugars with minimal coke formation. Xylan gave a high gas yield and moderate yield of bio-oil rich in furfural, while lignin gave the highest solid residue and produced the lowest yield of bio-oil that was rich in phenolic compounds. After catalytic pyrolysis, xylan gave the highest yield of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 76.40%, and showed selectivity for benzene and toluene. Cellulose showed higher selectivity for xylene and naphthalene; however, lignin showed enhanced for selectivity of C10 + polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Thus, catalytic pyrolysis method can effectively improve the properties of bio-oil and bio-char. |
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| Keywords: | Biomass model compounds Pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis TGA Fixed-bed reactor Characterization |
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