Capsaicin exerts anti-benign prostatic hyperplasia effects via inhibiting androgen receptor signaling pathway |
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Authors: | ZICHEN SHAO CHUNG-YI CHEN XUZHOU CHEN HANWU CHEN MENGQIAO SU HUI SUN YIDAN LI BINGHUA TU ZITONG WANG CHI-MING LIU |
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Affiliation: | 1.School of Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, China2 College of Chemistry and Bio-Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, China3 School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, 83102, Taiwan |
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Abstract: | Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in middle-aged and elderly men. Enlargement of the prostate causes lower urinary tract symptoms. Capsaicin is a phytochemical extracted from chili peppers and exerts many pharmacological actions, such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects. Methods: Our study investigated the effect of capsaicin in vitro and in a mouse model in vivo. A prostatic stromal myofibroblast cell line (WPMY-1) was co-incubated with testosterone (1 µM) and different concentrations of capsaicin (10–100 µM) for 24 and 48 h. Capsaicin (10–100 µM) significantly inhibited testosterone-treated WPMY-1 cell growth at 48 h by MTT assay. The testosterone propionate (7.5 mg/kg)-induced BPH mouse model was used to examine the anti-proliferative effect of capsaicin. Treatment with capsaicin (10 mg/kg) for 14 days significantly attenuated prostatic hyperplasia. Finasteride was used as a positive control. Results: Capsaicin significantly decreased prostate weight and prostate index (prostate/body weight ratio) in BPH mice. The expression of 5α-reductase type II, androgen receptor (AR) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) protein expression and PSA serum were all significantly reduced in capsaicin-treated BPH mice. In addition, capsaicin also activated transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 mediated apoptosis and autophagy in BPH mice. Conclusion: These results demonstrate multiple positive effects of capsaicin in controlling prostate growth and suggest its therapeutic potential in the treatment of BPH. |
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Keywords: | BPH Apoptosis Autophagy Capsaicin Chili pepper 5α-reductase |
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