复杂多金属矿重介质浮沉试验方法研究

随着我国对矿山尾矿无害化处理的环保要求日益提高,减少入磨矿石量成为从源头解决问题的方案之一。粗粒预选抛尾技术更有利于节能减排,应当是未来的重点研究方向。重介质选矿是高效的预选抛尾工艺,在煤炭行业内广泛应用,技术非常成熟,但在有色金属工业中应用较少,相关试验分析方法也有待进一步研发。针对复杂的铜锡银铅锌多金属矿,系统地进行了实验室规模的仪器设计、标准方法计算等研究。试验采用硅铁粉作为加重质,在最佳分选密度为2.7g/cm3的条件下,获得了抛尾产率为40.30%,金属损失率铜1.77%、锡5.19%、银1.63%、铅0.88%、锌2.87%的试验结果。相关技术推广至云锡风流山铜锡矿,获得了52.21%的抛尾产率,总体指标稳定、重现性较好。经进一步总结分析,本方法特别适用于有用矿物嵌布粒度粗、与脉石边界清晰、易解离的有色金属矿石,可在试验室内快速确定其在粗颗粒状态(-12+2mm)下的重力分选性质,为进一步的预选抛尾工业设计提供理论基础和实践依据。

Research on the method of Heavy Medium Float-sink Test for the Complex Polymetallic OreLI Peilun123 HU Zhen*123

With the environmental requirements of harmless treatment of mine tailings in China, reducing the amount of grinding ore is one of the solutions. Tail discarding technology in coarse particles should be the key research field in the future, which is energy conversation. Dense medium beneficiation is an efficient tail-discarding process. It is used widely in coal industry, and the technology is very mature. However, it is rarely used in non-ferrous metal industry. About this area, the test and analysis methods need to be developed further. For the complex Cu-Sn-Ag-Pb-Zn polymetallic ore, the laboratory scale instruments were designed, and standard method calculation were systematically carried out. The test results show that the yield of discarding tailings is 40.30%, and the metal loss rate is Cu 1.77%, Sn 5.19%, Ag 1.63%, Pb 0.88% and Zn 2.87%, under the optimum separation density of 2.7g/cm3. New technology has been extended to Fengliushan Cu-Sn mine of Yunnan Tin, and the tailings discarding yield is 52.21%. The test indexes are stable and reproducible. Through further analysis, this method is especially suitable for the non-coal mine with coarse disseminated and clear boundary with gangue. The gravity separation property of coarse-grained (-12mm+2mm) can be quickly determined in laboratory, which provides theoretical and practical basis for further industrial design of discarding tailings.