Effect of oxidants on microalgal flocculation |
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| Authors: | A. Sukenik B. Teltch A.W. Wachs G. Shelef I. Nir D. Levanon |
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| Affiliation: | 1. APERAM, Research Center, F-62330 Isbergues, France;2. Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France;3. INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France;4. CNRS, UMR5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France;5. Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT; LAPLACE, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France;6. CNRS, LAPLACE, F-31062 Toulouse, France;7. INRA, UMR1319 Micalis, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France;8. AgroParisTech, UMR Micalis, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France;9. PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech-CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Research Group Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, 75005 Paris, France;1. Technische Universität München, Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II), D-85748 Garching, Germany;2. Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Institute for Complex Systems ICS, D52425 Jülich, Germany;3. Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS-FRM II, Outstation at FRM II, D-85747 Garching, Germany;4. Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel;1. School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China;2. Shandong Urban Construction Vocational College, Jinan 250103, PR China |
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| Abstract: | The effects of chlorine, ozone and chlorine dioxide on Scenedesmus sp. cultures were studied. Algal cell viability and chlorophyll concentration decreased, and the concentration of dissolved organic substances increased with increasing applied oxidant concentration. Pretreatment with chlorine dioxide (1, 3 or 5 mg l−1) or ozone (2.6, 4.6 or 8.1 mg l−1) on algal cultures enhanced algal flocculation with alum, while prechlorination with 10 or 20 mg l−1 increased the required dosage of alum by 15%. Scanning electron micrographs of oxidized cells revealed drastically adverse effects upon the cell surface architecture: in addition to the oxidation of noncellular organic materials, the oxidants damaged both cell surface structures and intracellular components. A model explaining the effects of the different oxidants on microalgal flocculation is suggested. |
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| Keywords: | microalgal flocculation Scenedesmus sp. chlorine chlorine dioxide ozone algal cell surface architecture scanning electron microscopy |
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