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Performance and exhaust emission characteristics of a spark ignition engine using ethanol and ethanol-reformed gas |
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| Authors: | Cheolwoong Park Young Choi Seungmook Oh Yasuo Moriyoshi |
| Affiliation: | a Environmental System Research Division, Engine Research Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Republic of Korea b Department of Clean Environmental Systems, University of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea c Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Japan |
| Abstract: | Since ethanol is a renewable source of energy and has lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions than gasoline, ethanol produced from biomass is expected to be used more frequently as an alternative fuel. It is recognized that for spark ignition (SI) engines, ethanol has the advantages of high octane and high combustion speed and the disadvantage of ignition difficulties at low temperatures. An additional disadvantage is that ethanol may cause extra wear and corrosion of electric fuel pumps. On-board hydrogen production out of ethanol is an alternative plan.Ethanol has been used in Brazil as a passenger vehicle fuel since 1979, and more than six million vehicles on US highways are flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs). These vehicles can operate on E85 - a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline.This paper investigates the influence of ethanol fuel on SI engine performance, thermal efficiency and emissions. The combustion characteristics of hydrogen enriched gaseous fuel made from ethanol are also examined.Ethanol has excellent anti-knock qualities due to its high octane number and a high latent heat of evaporation, which makes the temperature of the intake manifold lower. In addition to the effect of latent heat of evaporation, the difference in combustion products compared with gasoline further decreases combustion temperature, thereby reducing cooling heat loss. Reductions in CO2, nitrogen oxide (NOx), and total hydrocarbons (THC) combustion products for ethanol vs. gasoline are described. |
| Keywords: | CO2 carbon dioxide SI spark ignition FFVs flexible fuel vehicles NOx nitrogen oxides THC total hydrocarbons POX partial oxidation GHSV gas hourly space velocity CO carbon oxide H2 hydrogen GC gas chromatographer TCD temperature conductivity detector FID flame ionization detector H2O water Ar argon CVVT continuous variable valve train SRG simulated reformed gas N2 nitrogen EMS engine management system LHV lower heating value MBT minimum spark advance for best torque SFC specific fuel consumption COV coefficient of variation IMEP indicated mean effective pressure BMEP brake mean effective pressure HC hydrocarbons |
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