麦角硫因的生物活性及其在食品领域中应用研究进展

麦角硫因(ergothioneine, EGT)是一种天然无毒的稀有氨基酸衍生物,广泛存在于各种食用菌中,前期研究已经证明其具有优异的抗氧化活性。目前研究人员致力于挖掘EGT更多新的生物活性功能,发现EGT在减轻炎症反应、细胞保护、预防糖尿病和心血管疾病、干预神经退行性疾病、治疗精神性疾病以及延缓衰老等方面也具有良好效果。本文主要综述了EGT的生物活性及其在食品领域中应用的研究进展,重点论述了对于EGT生物活性研究中较成熟的领域,补充了当前EGT在预防和治疗疾病方面的新发现,提出了EGT作为食品抗氧化剂、食品护色剂和膳食添加剂等在食品领域中发挥作用的可能性,为相关功能性食品的研发及EGT在食品领域中的深层次研究和应用提供一定参考。

Research progress on the biological activities of ergothione and its application in the food industry

Ergothioneine (EGT) is a natural and non-toxic amino acid derivative, which is widely found in various edible fungi. Previous studies have proved that it has excellent antioxidant activity. At present, researchers are committed to exploring more new bioactive functions of EGT, and have found that EGT also has good effects in reducing inflammation, cell protection, preventing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, intervening in neurodegenerative diseases, treating psychiatric diseases, and slowing down the aging process. In this paper, we mainly summarizes the more mature fields in the study of EGT biological activities, adds the new discoveries of EGT in the prevention and treatment of diseases, and puts forward the possibilities of EGT''s role as food antioxidant, food colour agent and dietary additives in the food field, so as to provide some references for the research and development of related functional foods and the in-depth research and application of EGT in the food field.