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Ascertaining the degradation state of ceramic tiles: A preliminary non-destructive step in view of conservation treatments |
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| Affiliation: | 1. LNEG, Unity of Mineral Resources and Geophysics, Apt. 7586, 2610-999 Amadora, Portugal;2. CENIMAT/I3N, Mat. Sci. Dept., Fac. Sci. Technol., New Univ. Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;3. ITN/IST, Nuclear and Technologic Institute, Technical University of Lisbon, EN 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal;1. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, C.P. 18-1027 D.F. México, Mexico;2. Centro de Estudios Arqueológicos-El Colegio de Michoacán, A.P. Cerro Nahuatzen 85, Fracc, Lomas del Cerro Grande, La Piedad, Michoacán C.P. 68970, Mexico;3. Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France, UMR 171, Palais du Louvre-Porte des Lions, 14, Quai François Mitterrand, 75001 Paris, France;4. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Centro Regional INAH-Sinaloa, Ángel Flores 154 Oriente, Colonia Centro Histórico, C.P. 80000 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico |
| Abstract: | Conserving the cultural heritage is a general concern and the use of non-destructive techniques to characterize ancient materials is important. Serious deterioration effects in environmentally exposed ancient glazed ceramic tiles arise from the development of micro-organisms (algae/fungi) within the pore system. Subsequent biodegradation processes are particularly harmful once the decorated glaze is damaged by exfoliation/detachment.Three case studies will be addressed: Portuguese polychrome decorated tiles from the interior of two churches (16th–17th century) and from the outdoor of a Palace (18th century). Small tile fragments were directly irradiated in a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer for glaze chemical characterization and subsequently irradiated in a powder diffractometer to assess the phase constitution of both glaze and ceramic body.Cleaning and conserving these ancient cultural artifacts involve a decontamination process applying innovative non-destructive techniques. The present work is intended as a contribution to diagnose the actual degradation state of ancient tiles in view of future decontamination actions using gamma radiation. |
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