Process model for latex film formation: Optical clarity fronts |
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Authors: | Alexander F Routh William B Russel Jiansheng Tang and Mohamed S El-Aasser |
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Affiliation: | (1) Princeton University, USA;(2) Lehigh University, USA |
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Abstract: | We examined the drying behavior of latex both theoretically and experimentally. The theory extends a model for horizontal
drying fronts in films with nondeformable particles to incorporate particle deformation by a capillary deformation mechanism.
The pressure in the fluid, causing particle compaction, arises from flow through the packed bed to ensure evaporation from
all wet areas of the film. We predicted the position of a front of volume fraction unity passing across a semi-infinite film
as it dries. Experimentally, the position of the transition from a cloudy film to optical clarity was tracked visually in
films comprised of either single component soft latex particles, 20°C above the glass transition, or a blend containing 35%
non-deformable hard latex particles. For an initial volume fraction of 0.33, we found excellent agreement between theory and
experiment. For an initial volume fraction of 0.05, the agreement is less, although still qualitative. The limitations of
the model with respect to the knowledge of physical parameters and initial conditions are discussed. One major implication
of the model is that deformation of soft latex particles displaces large amounts of water and, consequently, slows progression
of the drying front. Harder particles and shallow initial film profiles produce more pronounced drying fronts.
Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Princeton, NJ 08544.
Emulsion Polymers Institute and Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Bethelhem, PA 18015. |
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