中国能源消费结构调整与天然气产业发展前景

在当今以化石能源为主的背景下，天然气是最清洁低碳的化石能源，是化石能源向新能源过渡的桥梁。中国一次能源消费总量已位居世界第一，消费结构以煤为主，能源效率低、环境污染严重，加快天然气产业发展既是中国实现能源消费结构优化调整的现实选择，也是强化节能减排的迫切需要。为此，全面总结和分析了现阶段中国能源消费特点及面临的挑战，以及天然气在资源潜力、清洁性、高效性、经济性和利用领域等方面的优势，首次阐明了中国天然气发展的三大革命性目标：①天然气在一次能源消费中的比例超过30%；②建成覆盖全国各地、互联互通、高效安全灵活的现代化管网体系和应急调峰体系；③形成以中国为中心的全球天然气人民币体系。提出了实现中国天然气革命的四大战略举措：①充分发挥资源优势，确保供应量快速增长；②加大天然气利用力度，逐步成为全球最大的消费中心；③加快输配系统建设，形成类似公路网、电网分布特点的天然气管网体系；④加强合作，全力推进天然气人民币体系建设。

Optimization of energy consumption structure and natural gas industry development prospect in China

Natural gas is relatively clean one with low carbon among those underground fossil fuels, and will be popularly used in the transition from fossil energy to renewable energy. The total volume of primary energy consumption of China ranks No.1 at present in the world, and for a long time, coal has been the main body in the structure of China′s primary energy mix, which has led to relatively low efficiency and serious air pollution. All above makes accelerating natural gas development not only a realistic choice to optimize energy consumption structure, but an urgent need to consolidate energy saving and emission reduction policy. In view of this, this paper summarized the characteristics and potential challenges of current energy consumption in China, and discussed the advantages of natural gas in resource potential, environmental improvement, energy efficiency, economic efficiency and application fields. Three goals of China natural gas revolution were presented: First, the proportion of natural gas in primary energy consumption exceeds 30%. Second, modern pipeline network and gas peak shaving reserve & emergency system will be constructed in a way that is national wide, connective, high efficient, safe and flexible. Third, a natural gas RMB system will be established as the world′s center. To achieve the above goals, four strategic moves were presented: to make full use of the advantage of resources to ensure natural gas rapid growth; to enhance the use of natural gas to make China the largest worldwide gas consumption center; to accelerate the construction of gas distribution system, thus to establish a natural gas pipeline network comparable to an expressway network or power grid; and to strengthen collaboration to promote the development of a natural gas RMB system. This study is of great significance to China energy consumption structure optimization and environmental stewardship, and provides guidance for natural gas development in a prosperous way.