面向特大齿轮的激光跟踪测量精度提升方法

为实现特大齿轮激光跟踪测量精度的提升，采用激光跟踪仪与柔性关节坐标测量臂相结合的测量方式，建立了基于激光跟踪多边测量方法的特大齿轮组合式测量网络。采用柔性关节坐标测量臂蛙跳技术确定激光跟踪仪全局坐标系与柔性关节坐标测量臂坐标系之间的坐标转换关系，实现不同站位下测量臂测量数据的空间配准。引入激光跟踪仪多边测量方法，摒弃其角度测量模块，建立激光跟踪多边测量位置参数标定模型，通过测量冗余数据并对其进行L-M优化迭代，以提高激光跟踪仪的全局控制精度。对建立的组合式测量网络进行仿真实验，分析对比测量数据，组合式测量网络的测量误差平均值为0.007 mm，误差标准差为0.004 mm，相同条件下，使用激光跟踪仪直接测量方法的测量误差平均值为0.044 mm。仿真实验分析表明，该方法显著提升了测量精度，满足了特大齿轮现场齿形测量的要求，具有较好的理论与工程应用价值。

Laser tracking measurement accuracy improvement method for mega gear

In order to improve the precision of laser tracking measurement for mega gear, a combined measuring network for mega gear was established by combining laser tracking device and flexible joint coordinate measuring arm. The coordinate transformation relationship between the global coordinate system of laser tracker and the coordinate system of flexible joint coordinate measuring arm was determined by using the frog jump technology to realize the spatial registration of measurement data at different stations. A multi-dimensional measurement method of laser tracker was introduced, which had abandoned the angle measurement module, a multi-dimensional measurement position parameter calibration model of laser tracker was established, redundant data were measured and L-M optimization iteration was carried out in this method in order to improve the global control accuracy of laser tracker. The simulation experiment of combined measurement network was carried out, and the measurement data were analyzed and compared. The average error of combined measurement network was 0.007 mm and the error standard deviation was 0.004 mm. Under the same conditions, the average error of direct measurement method using laser tracker was 0.044 mm. The simulation results show that this method can improve the measuring accuracy obviously and meet the requirements of the measurement of tooth shape of mega gear. It has a good theoretical and engineering application value.