新油耗与排放法规下汽油发动机技术及对燃油的要求

阐述了我国油耗与排放法规的发展、现状与下一阶段的实施计划,从而探究在新油耗与排放法规下，汽油发动机技术、排放后处理技术的发展，及新技术的应用。通过多批次满足国Ⅳ和国Ⅴ排放标准汽油燃油的检测，分析了国Ⅴ排放标准实施后，汽油主要指标馏程、芳烃含量和蒸气压等发生的变化，阐明这些指标对汽油发动机和排放后处理新技术的影响，提出了汽油发动机技术对燃油的要求。结果表明，国Ⅴ排放标准实施后，汽油存在组分重、芳烃含量高、冬季蒸气压偏低等问题。在汽油发动机和排放后处理新技术应用下，这些问题会影响发动机的正常运行，同时导致车辆油耗的升高和排放恶化。因此，改善车辆油耗与排放，要求严格控制燃油指标，提升燃油品质。

REQUIREMENTS OF GASOLINE ENGINE TECHNOLOGY FOR FUEL UNDER NEW FUEL CONSUMPTION AND EMISSION LAWS

The paper expatiated on the evolution of fuel consumption and emission regulations, current status, and the future plans in China. The development and application of gasoline engine and emission technology under new fuel consumption and emission laws were delved. Based on the inspection on several batches of CN Ⅳ and CN Ⅴ gasoline, the change of distillation, aromatics content, and vapor pressure were analyzed after the introduction of the CN Ⅴ gasoline emission standards. The effect of these indicators on gasoline engine and emission post-treatment technology was clarified. The requirements of engine technology for fuel were suggested. The results indicate that after CN Ⅴ gasoline was brought into effect, more problems exist, such as heavy components, high aromatics content, low vapor pressure in winter, resulting in abnormal running with higher fuel consumption and poorer emission if the new engine and emission technology are applied. Therefore, to improve the fuel consumption and emissions, the strict control of fuel indicators and the quality of fuels are necessary.