Round-robin test on thermal conductivity measurement of ZnO nanofluids and comparison of experimental results with theoretical bounds |
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Authors: | Wook-Hyun Lee Chang-Kyu Rhee Junemo Koo Jaekeun Lee Seok Pil Jang Stephen US Choi Ki-Woong Lee Hwa-Young Bae Gyoung-Ja Lee Chang-Kyu Kim Sung Wook Hong Younghwan Kwon Doohyun Kim Soo Hyung Kim Kyo Sik Hwang Hyun Jin Kim Hyo Jun Ha Seung-Hyun Lee Chul Jin Choi Ji-Hwan Lee |
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Affiliation: | Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. suschoi@uic.edu. |
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Abstract: | Ethylene glycol (EG)-based zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofluids containing no surfactant have been manufactured by one-step pulsed wire evaporation (PWE) method. Round-robin tests on thermal conductivity measurements of three samples of EG-based ZnO nanofluids have been conducted by five participating labs, four using accurate measurement apparatuses developed in house and one using a commercial device. The results have been compared with several theoretical bounds on the effective thermal conductivity of heterogeneous systems. This study convincingly demonstrates that the large enhancements in the thermal conductivities of EG-based ZnO nanofluids tested are beyond the lower and upper bounds calculated using the models of the Maxwell and Nan et al. with and without the interfacial thermal resistance. |
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