High-pressure compaction of municipal solid waste to form densified fuel |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;2. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Coal Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;3. Saiding Engineering Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030024, China;1. University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;2. Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA;3. Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hants SO16 6YD, UK;4. Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA, and Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90502, USA;5. Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;6. Department of Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;1. Institute of Energy and Power Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia;3. Center of Excellence in Environmental Catalysis and Adsorption, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;4. Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;1. Dept. of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 9, 35131 Padova, Italy;2. Acque del Chiampo S.p.A., Via Ferraretta, 20, 36072 Arzignano (VI), Italy |
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| Abstract: | A unique piston-in-mold (punch-in-die) process, developed at the Capsule Pipeline Research Center (CPRC), University of Missouri-Columbia, USA, was used to study the compaction of the combustible components found in municipal solid waste (MSW) stream to produce a densified fuel. The compaction was performed under room temperature without binder and at pressures up to 138 MPa. The materials included waste paper, plastics (both film and hard products), textiles, and wood. They were compacted into 49-mm-diameter logs in different mixtures and under various moisture contents and pressures. The mixtures compacted include: (1) paper and plastic film, (2) paper and hard plastics, (3) paper and mixed plastics (both filmed and hard), and (4) paper, plastics, textiles, and wood. The properties of the logs, including density, abrasion resistance, impact resistance, combustion characteristics, and long-term performance were tested. The results show that the waste paper in the mixtures played a role of binder in the formation of the compacted logs. Moisture content and compaction pressure were two key parameters for producing good logs. For all these mixtures, a moisture content of less than 15% is necessary to produce dense (dry density equal to or higher than 0.8 g/cm3) and strong logs. A minimum compaction pressure of 70 MPa is needed for mixtures 1, 2, and 3, and 100 MPa for mixture 4. The logs made from the mixtures of the combustible wastes have a heating value equivalent to that of subbituminous coal, and can be cofired with coal in power plants. |
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