Production of H2 and medium Btu gas via pyrolysis of lignins in a fixed-bed reactor |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, Canada E3B 5A3;1. Training Base of State Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Jointly Constructed by Shanxi Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;2. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China;3. CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China;4. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China;5. Guangdong Communication Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510800, China;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, India;2. Department of Chemistry, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, India;1. Laboratory of Thermal and Catalytic Processes (LPTC-UBB), Universidad del Bío-Bío, Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería en Maderas, Concepción, Chile;2. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas “Dr. J.J. Ronco” (CINDECA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP-CCT La Plata, CONICET, 47 No. 257, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina;3. Universidad de Concepción, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Físico-Química, Edmundo Larenas 129, Concepción, Chile;4. Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano, 7100 Talcahuano, Chile;5. Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Autónoma de México, Ensenada, B.C., Mexico;6. Laboratorio de Cromatografía, Centro de Biomateriales y Nanotecnología, Universidad del Bio-Bio, Concepción, Chile;7. Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Coronel, Chile;1. School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon 220-710, Republic of Korea;3. Functional Ceramics Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam 642-831, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Lignins are generally used as a low-grade fuel in the pulp and paper industry. In this work, pyrolysis of Alcell and Kraft lignins obtained from Alcell process and Westvaco, respectively, was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor to produce hydrogen and gas with medium heating value. The effects of carrier gas (helium) flow rate (13.4–33 ml/min/g of lignin), heating rate (5–15°C/min) and temperature (350–800°C) on the lignin conversion, product composition, and gas yield have been studied. The gaseous products mainly consisted of H2, CO, CO2, CH4 and C2+. The carrier gas flow rate did not have any significant effect on the conversion. However, at 800°C and at a constant heating rate of 15°C/min with increase in carrier gas flow rate from 13.4 to 33 ml/min/g of lignin, the volume of product gas decreased from 820 to 736 ml/g for Kraft and from 820 to 762 ml/g for Alcell lignin and the production of hydrogen increased from 43 to 66 mol% for Kraft lignin and from 31 to 46 mol% for Alcell lignin. At a lower carrier gas flow rate of 13.4 ml/min/g of lignin, the gas had a maximum heating value of 437 Btu/scf. At this flow rate and at 800°C, with increase in heating rate from 5 to 15°C/min both lignin conversion and hydrogen production increased from 56 to 65 wt.% and 24 to 31 mol%, respectively, for Alcell lignin. With decrease in temperature from 800°C to 350°C, the conversion of Alcell and Kraft lignins were decreased from 65 to 28 wt.% and from 57 to 25 wt.%, respectively. Also, with decrease in temperature, production of hydrogen was decreased. Maximum heating value of gas (491 Btu/scf) was obtained at 450°C for Alcell lignin. |
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