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Preparation and characterization of nanometer-sized (Pb1−x,Bax)TiO3 powders using acetylacetone as a chelating agent in a non-aqueous sol-gel process |
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| Authors: | Hong ZhuZhijun Guo Wein-Duo Yang Wein-Feng ChangCheng-Chin Wang |
| Affiliation: | a Institute of Modern Catalysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, State key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China b School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China c Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan |
| Abstract: | Nanometer-sized lead barium titanate (Pb1−xBaxTiO3, PBxT) powders were prepared by a non-aqueous sol-gel process using lead acetate, barium acetate, and titanium isopropoxide as precursors and ethylene glycol as the solvent. In this procedure, Ti-isopropoxide was chelated with acetylacetone. The samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis. The results indicate that perovskite PBxT phases were obtained by heat treatment at 450 °C for 5 h, and a pure perovskite was examined at 600 °C. The average particle sizes of perovskite PBxT powders calcined at 600 °C were approximately about 40-80 nm, and BET analysis showed that the surface areas of the powders obtained at 600 °C were approximately 6-16 m2/g. In addition, the phase transition from the tetragonal ferroelectric phase to the cubic paraelectric phase occurred in a range of approximately 0.6 < x < 0.8. |
| Keywords: | Nanometer-sized Lead barium titanate Non-aqueous Sol-gel process |
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