用于多跳无线传感器网络的能量有效数据转发协议

为了增加无线传感器网络的寿命,必须尽可能地节省节点的能量.节省能量最显著的方法就是在节点不参与数据传输时,使其无线模块处于睡眠状态.本文提出了一种适用于无线传感器网络的可靠、能量有效的数据传输（REEGF）协议.此协议通过使网络节点的唤醒模块工作于周期性的侦听/睡眠方式,当节点有数据业务时,利用节点的唤醒模块把节点的一跳邻居节点同步唤醒,确保数据被及时、可靠地发送.通过采用类似于RTS/CTS的控制信息交换方式和发送忙音, REEGF协议有效地避免了数据传输的隐藏和暴露终端问题.基于节点的位置, REEGF协议采用竞争的方式,选取朝着目标SINK节点前进距离最大的邻节点,作为中转接收节点,实现了路由、MAC和拓扑管理的有机结合,节省了节点的资源.分析表明,在网络节点密度适度的情况下, REEGF协议的可靠性、能量消耗和链路建立时延显著地优于文8]提出的GeRaF协议.

An Energy-Efficient Data Delivery Protocol for Multihop Wireless Sensor Networks

For increasing the life of wireless sensor networks,each node must conserve energy as much as possible.To reduce the energy consumption significantly,a node should turn off its radio most of the time,except when it has to participate in data forwarding.In this paper,we proposed a novel geographic forwarding protocol for reliable and energy-efficient data delivery(REEGF)in large-scale wireless sensor networks,in which the saving energy and reliable date delivery are ensured by using both listening periodically of the wakeup radio and synchronization awakening of the main radio in the node.The hidden and exposed terminal problems are solved by using both RTS/CTS-based message exchange and busy tones,and the optimal relaying node via contention among receivers are selected,which is based on the geographical location of the nodes involved,and the resources of the node are saved due to integrating routing,Medium Access Control(MAC),and topology management into a single layer.It is shown that the proposed protocol is more reliable and energy-efficient than the existing geographic random forwarding protocol(GeRaF),and its latency is smaller in moderate node density environment.