三软煤层巷道支护方式及围岩控制效果分析

在分析三软煤层极不稳定煤巷矿压特点基础上，研制了适应两帮大变形的可缩性工字钢支架、适应两帮及顶底严重变形特别是底鼓的U29可缩性环形支架，设计了锚架注联合支护的参数与工艺，并在同一采区先后进行了工业性试验．采用数值模拟方法研究了三软条件下锚梁网索支护不同参数选取、不同布置形式对围岩变形的控制效果，优选了支护参数并进行了现场试验，比较试验结果，表明极不稳定煤巷围岩变形主要特点是强烈和持久的两帮移近及底鼓，锚梁网索支护是控制围岩大变形的有效方法，其技术关键是提高锚杆初锚力、布置底角锚杆及顶角锚索．

Analysis of Support Ways of Roadway and Its Surrounding''''s Control Effect in Three-Soft Coal Seam

The yielding I-steel support adapting the large deformation of side-to-side and the U29 yielding round support adapting the large deformation of side-to-side and roof-to-floor, especially the floor heave, were developed by the analysis of underground behavior of mighty unstable roadways in the three-soft coal seam. The parameters and techniques of the combined support using anchoring, supporting and grouting were designed, and the industrial test was done successively in the same mining area. The effect on the control for surrounding deformation of different parameters and different arrangement ways of the combined support using bolts-beam and mesh-cable on the condition of three-soft was studied with numerical simulation, and the support parameters were optimized and spot test was carried out. The two test results show that the principal characters of the surrounding rock deformation of the mighty unstable coal roadways are the sharp and persistent floor heave and displacement of side-to-side. The bolts-beam and mesh-cable support is an effective method to control the large deformation of the surrounding rock, and the key of technique is to improve the setting anchorage force of anchor bolt, lay anchor bolt of bottom angle and anchor cable of top angle.