烟草品种青枯病抗性的组培苗接种鉴定方法研究

由茄科雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）引起的青枯病是制约我国烟草产业发展的瓶颈之一。选育抗病品种是防控该病最经济有效的策略。为探寻快速评价烟草品种青枯病抗性的方法，以6个抗感水平差异显著的烟草品种试管苗为研究对象，采用浸根接种法，评价了室内快速鉴定方法的可行性。结果显示，以浓度为3×10⁶ cfu/mL的青枯菌体悬液接种21 d后，红花大金元、翠碧1号、云烟85、K326、G80和岩烟97的病情指数分别为100.0、90.5、88.8、86.6、56.0和53.8，各品种试管苗的病情指数与田间自然发病情况呈明显正相关性，相关系数为0.936，达极显著水平。由此可见，室内无菌苗接种法能正确反映出不同烟草品种对青枯病的抗性水平，可作为快速、可靠评价烟草品种抗性水平的初筛手段。

Study on Granville Wilt Resistance Screening in Tobacco Using an in Vitro Plantlet Inoculation Method

Granville wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a major limiting factor in tobacco production in China. The most economically feasible strategy to control the disease is the use of resistant cultivars. In this study, the potential of inoculation of in vitro plantlet as a rapid and reliable method for screening tobacco cultivar against R. solanacearum was investigated. In vitro plantlets of six tobacco cultivars with diverse resistance levels were inoculated with 3×10⁶ cfu/mL cell suspension of R. solanacearum strain Tb2K9-11. Twenty-one days after inoculation, the disease index of cultivar Honghuadajiyuan, Cuibi No.1, Yunyan 85, K326, G80 and Yanyan 97 was 100.0, 90.5, 88.8, 86.6, 56.0 and 53.8, respectively. There were significant correlations between in vitro plantlet assay and field trial (r=0.936). The result showed that the in vitro screening assay can help in improving tobacco breeding efficiency.