基于模糊综合评价的电动汽车充电安全风险评估

为了定量评估电动汽车充电过程中的安全水平，对电动汽车充电过程中诱发充电安全事故的因素进行了分析，并采用模糊综合评价方法设计了电动汽车充电安全风险评估方案；提出了一种综合赋权的方法来改进灰色关联度主观赋权存在的指标权重不确定的问题，保证了评估结果的合理性与可靠性；首先统计分析指标诱发充电事故的频率获得客观权重，然后经过基于灰色关联度的专家经验判断得到主观权重，最后通过标准离差求出主观权重与客观权重的分配系数；该方法既保留了主观权重中专家的权威性，又充分体现了数据本身所具有的客观特征；其次，将充电安全划分为5个等级并且设定合理的阈值，构建梯形分布的隶属度函数；经过对某充电站充电数据的分析，验证了该风险评估方案的可行性和正确性。

Keywords: Fuzzy integrated evaluation; Charging safety; Indicator evaluation system; Grey correlation

In order to quantitatively assess the safety level in the charging process of electric vehicles, this paper designs a safety risk assessment scheme for electric vehicle charging based on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. In this paper, a comprehensive weighting method is proposed to ensure the reasonableness and reliability of the assessment results. Firstly, the frequency of charging accidents induced by indicators is statistically analyzed to obtain objective weights, then subjective weights are obtained by expert experience judgement based on grey correlation, and finally the allocation coefficients of subjective and objective weights are derived by standard deviation. The method retains the subjective suggestions of the experts in the subjective weights, while fully reflecting the objective characteristics of the data itself. After analyzing the charging data of a charging station, the feasibility and correctness of this risk assessment method is verified.