草原露天矿区重构土壤含水率差异性分析

为揭示不同重构土壤配比及不同植被生长等级对重构土壤含水率影响的差异性，探寻最适宜的重构土壤材料配比。本文以内蒙古胜利矿区内排土场为研究区，对重构土壤复垦地进行了调查和取样，采用单因素方差分析法对重构土壤的土壤含水率进行差异性分析，并讨论了形成差异的原因。结果表明：（1）在不同的植被生长等级下，土壤重构方式为岩土剥离物：煤矸石：粉煤灰=3：4：3时土壤含水率均较高。（2）当土壤重构方式相同时，不同植被生长等级下土壤含水率并不是植被生长等级越高越好。当土壤重构方式为岩土剥离物时，大田块一（15天翻耕靶地一次）和大田块二（30天翻耕靶地一次）在植被生长等级为1、2时土壤含水率较高；当土壤重构方式为岩土剥离物：煤矸石=2：3时，大田块三（60天翻耕靶地一次）和大田块四（当年翻耕处理并种植苜蓿）在植被生长等级为3时土壤含水率较高；当土壤重构方式为岩土剥离物：煤矸石：粉煤灰=3：4：3时，大田块一（15天翻耕靶地一次）和大田块三（60天翻耕靶地一次）在植被生长等级为3时土壤含水率最高，大田块二（30天翻耕靶地一次）和大田块四（当年翻耕处理并种植苜蓿）在植被生长等级为1时土壤含水率最高。煤矸石、粉煤灰、岩土剥离物作为表土替代材料其不同配比在重构土壤上的研究为表土稀缺矿区的复垦工作提供了支撑，为全球草原露天矿区的生态修复工程提供参考。

Analysis on the difference of reconstructed soil moisture content in grassland open-pit mining area

In order to reveal the difference in the effect of different reconstituted soil ratios and different vegetation growth grades on the moisture content of reconstituted soils, the most suitable ratio of reconstituted soil materials was explored. This paper takes the dump in the Shengli Mining Area of Inner Mongolia as the research area, surveys and samples the reconstructed soil reclaimed land, uses the one-way analysis of variance to analyze the difference in the field soil moisture content of the reconstructed soil, and discusses the reason of differences. The results showed that: (1) Under different vegetation growth levels, the soil moisture content was relatively strong when the soil reconstruction method was rock and soil stripping: coal gangue: fly ash = 3:4:3. (2) When the soil reconstruction method was the same, the soil moisture content under different vegetation growth grades was not that the higher the vegetation growth grade, the better. When the soil reconstruction method was rock and soil stripped material, the soil moisture content of field 1 (on the ploughing target once in 15 days) and field 2 (one plowing target once in 30 days) was better when the vegetation growth level was 1 and 2; when the soil reconstruction method was rock and soil stripping material: coal gangue=2:3, field 3 (once the ploughing target in 60 days) and field 4 (plowing and planting alfalfa that year) was better when the vegetation growth level was 3; When the level was 3, the soil moisture content was better; when the soil reconstruction method was rock and soil stripping: coal gangue: fly ash=3:4:3, field 1 (on the ploughing target once in 15 days) and field 3 (on the ploughing target once in 60 days) had the best soil moisture content when the vegetation growth level was 3, field 2 (on the ploughing target once in 30 days) and field 4 (plowing and planting alfalfa that year) had the best soil moisture content when the vegetation growth level was 1. The study of the different proportions of coal gangue, fly ash and rock and soil stripping material as topsoil substitute materials provides support for reclamation work in mining areas where topsoil is scarce, as well as a reference for ecological restoration projects in grassland open-pit mining areas around the world.