基于遥感生态指数的宝日希勒露天矿区生态修复效果评估

煤炭资源露天开采严重破坏了矿区及周边的生态环境,而实现绿色发展则要求矿山企业及时对遭受破坏的地区进行环境治理和生态修复.为评估宝日希勒露天矿区的环境治理和生态修复效果,本文选取该矿区范围内多时相Landsat遥感影像,计算该区域1996—2019年期间的遥感生态指数,并在矿区内部选取已修复区域和对照区域,通过对比矿区开...

Evaluation of ecological restoration effect in Baorixile open-pit mine area based on remote sensing ecological index

Open-pit mining of coal resources has seriously damaged the ecological environment of mining areas and surrounding areas. To realize green development, mining enterprises should timely carry out environmental governance and ecological restoration in the damaged areas. To evaluate the ecological restoration effect of Baorixile open-pit mine, the paper selects multi-temporal Landsat remote sensing images in the mining area, calculates the remote sensing ecological index (RESI) for the region between 1996 and 2019, and selects restored area and control area in the mining area, by comparing the RSEI in different stages before, during and after mining, monitor the changes of ecological environment in the whole mining area, the restored area and the control area. Results show that with the development process of the mining area, the trend of green degree index (NDVI), dryness index (NDBSI), humidity index (west) and the heat index (LST) was first rising then falling, especially of large area of ecological restoration in mine area of the component indexes and RSEI average value has been restored to the mining area, ecological restoration effect is good. Especially in the inner dump which ecological restoration have been carried out, its each sub-index and RSEI value have been restored to the average level of the mining area, the effect of ecological restoration is good. Due to the expansion of mine area and the increase of bare soil area, the overall RSEI level decreased significantly from 1996 to 2010, but with the support of ecological restoration funds from the government and mining enterprises, the ecological environment of the mining area is gradually improving, the decreasing range of RSEI value decreased year by year, and the ecological restoration achievements were remarkable. In the future, on the basis of strengthening the overall ecological restoration of the mining area, we need to strengthen the governance of the working field, and implement the ecological restoration mode of "mining with restoring ".