基于RSEI的平朔矿区生态环境变化研究

矿区生态环境问题涉及到社会经济可持续发展,历来是社会关注的焦点。本文选取1987、1998、2007、2013、2018五期遥感影像为数据源,提取绿度、湿度、干度、热度指标,采用主成分分析法计算各指标贡献率,构建RSEI模型,研究平朔矿区32年的生态环境质量及其变化趋势。结果表明：1987-2007年,受煤炭开采的影响,矿区生态环境质量下降,RSEI指数由0.564下降至0.512；2007-2018年,矿区大力开展生态恢复治理工作,生态环境逐渐改善,RSEI指数逐渐上升至0.576,生态质量优与较优等级的面积分别提高了4.14%和3.65%。矿区北部地区生态质量较好,安家岭及安太堡露天矿周边及南部地区生态质量较差,经生态恢复治理后,煤矿周边及南地区生态环境得到改善。建议后续仍应着重开展南部地区生态治理工作,注重整体土地利用的协调性。

Change of eco-environment in Pingshuo mining area based on Remote Sensing Ecology Index

The ecological environment of mining area involves the sustainable development of social economy, and has always been the focus of social concern. In this paper, the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) was used as the main indicator of ecology quality, Landsat images of 1987, 1998, 2007, 2013 and 2018 were used as data sources to extract indexes of green, humidity, dryness and heat. The contribution rate of each index was calculated by principal components analysis(PCA) to build a RSEI model to monitor and analyze 32-year ecology quality of Pingshuo mining area. The results showed that from 1987 to 2007, due to the influence of coal mining, the ecology quality of mining area decreased with the RSEI index decreased from 0.564 to 0.512; from 2007 to 2018, because the ecological restoration and management work have been carried out vigorously in the mining area, the ecology was gradually improved with the RSEI index increased to 0.576. Meanwhile, the area of excellent level and good level were increased 4.14%, 3.65% respectively. The overall ecology quality in the northern part of the mining area is better than that of the southern part and the area around Anjialing and Antaibao coal mines. After ecological restoration, The ecological environment around the coal mines and their southern area has been improved. It suggested that the follow-up ecological restoration should be held more on the southern part, integrating with the overall land use planning.