三门峡水库非汛期控制运用水位对库区泥沙冲淤的影响

为了控制和降低潼关高程,缓解水库运用对渭河下游的不利影响,三门峡水库自2003年以来开展了非汛期控制最高运用水位不超过318m的原型试验,亦称过渡运用方案。本文分析了水库实施过渡运用方案以来,库区冲淤和潼关高程的变化规律,探讨了非汛期控制最高运用水位不超过318m的作用。发现实施过渡方案以来,库区累计淤积量与叠加流量加权平均坝前水位的关系,符合以往的关系曲线。汛期多水少沙的洪水过程是2003年潼关高程冲刷下降的主要原因,过渡方案控制非汛期最高水位不超过318m的作用不大。本文认为,在三门峡水库非汛期控制最高运用水位的同时,应注意到水库的平均运用情况和综合作用。

Effects of controlled pool level in non-flood seasons on the sedimentation in Sanmenxia reservoir

To lower and control the elevation of Tongguan station and therefore to alleviate the negative effect induced by reservoir operation on the lower Wei river,a prototype experiment by limiting the pool level not exceeding the maximum value of 318 m in the non-flood season has been conducted since 2003.In this paper,the sedimentation processes in the reservoir and the variation of Tongguan station elevation after the implementation of the interim scheme are analyzed,and the effectiveness of limiting the pool level not exceeding 318m in the non-flood season is investigated.It is found that the relationships between the accumulated volumes of sediment deposition in the reservoir and the average pool levels follow the earlier trend curves very well.The decrease of the elevation of Tongguan station in 2003 was mainly caused by the flood flows in the flood season,while the interim scheme of limiting the pool level not exceeding 318m had a little effect.It is suggested that the operation of Sanmenxia reservoir in the non-flood season should not only limit the maximum pool level,but also consider the average pool level and their overall effect.