尿素法制备水合肼的研究

以氯气和氢氧化钠为原料制备次氯酸钠溶液,控制其中游离碱含量在10.8%左右,有效氯在8.0%左右。次氯酸钠与尿素经过低温反应和高温反应,合成水合肼。实验分析了尿素法生产水合肼的各种影响因素,实验表明,尿素、次氯酸钠与氢氧化钠的摩尔比为(1.10~1.12)∶1∶(2.30~2.42),低温反应温度控制在20℃以下,高温反应阶段快速升温至回流后反应5 m in左右时,水合肼收率可达75.1%左右。

Study on the preparation of hydrazine hydrate by the urea method

Sodium hypochlorite solution has been prepared by chlorine and sodium hydroxide,the content of free alkali should be controlled at about 10.8%,and the effective chlorine at about 8.0%.Sodium hypochlorite and urea undergo the low temperature reaction and the high temperature reaction,then synthesize the hydrazine hydrate.Many influential factors of this method were analyzed.The experimental results indicated: the mole ratio of urea,sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide was controlled within the range of(1.10～1.12)∶1∶(2.30～2.42),the temperature of low temperature reaction must be controlled under 20℃,the high temperature should intensify fast to backset current temperature while reacting and the time for raising temperature only within 5 min,and the yield of hydrazine hydrate can be reach about 75.1%.