Electrochemical nitridation of a stainless steel for PEMFC bipolar plates

AISI446 steel has been electrochemically nitrided in 0.1 M HNO₃ + 0.5 M KNO₃ solution at room temperature. XPS analysis revealed surface NH₃ and a deeper nitride layer. The surface layer of the stainless steel modified by electrochemical nitridation was thus composed of a nitrogen-incorporated oxide film. The nitrided steel showed very low interfacial contact resistance (ca. 18 mΩ cm² at 140 N/cm²) and excellent corrosion resistance in simulated PEMFC environments. Electrochemical nitridation provides an economic way to modify the stainless steel’s surface, and is very promising for application to fuel cell bipolar plates.