高转差率特种三相异步电动机转子新材料变质处理试验研究

研究开发一种成本低、电阻率高和力学性能好的电工新材料，用于高转差率特种三相异步电动机转子上，取代传统的转子用铝合金，将是电工新材料领域的一项突破。该项研究的目的就是要降低电机成本、提高电机质量、提高经济效益。该文通过实验的方法，将Al-25%Si合金用于电机转子上，并对这一材料应用中的关键环节－变质处理进行了综合试验研究。通过采用P变质、RE变质、P与RE联合变质以及P－Cu变质、P－Cu与Na联合变质几种变质方法进行试验，结果表明，P－Cu与Na联合变质综合指标要优于其它变质方法。最后得出结论：电阻率受初晶Si变质效果及共晶Si变质效果的双重影响；抗拉强度主要受初晶Si粒主及形状的影响；伸长率主要受共晶组织形态影响；P-Cu与Na联合变质，可使转子电工新材料Al-25%Si合金电阻率较高，力学性能较佳，综合效果最好。

THE STUDY ON THE MODIFICATION OF NEW MATERIAL USED FOR HIGH SLIP AND SPECIAL THREEPHASE ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR ROTORS

It will be a break through in the new electric material field that study and develop a kind of new electric material of the low cost, high resistivity, good mechanical property use for high slip and special threephase asynchronous motor rotors, to replace traditional rotor aluminum. The purpose of this studying is reducing the costs of motors, raising quality of motors and increasing economic profit. This study will use Al 25%Si alloy to the motor rotors by the experimental method, and make synthetic experiment of the modification that is a key link of this material applying. Through study some modification method with P, RE, P and RE composite, P Cu, P Cu and Na composite, the results of modification are showed: synthetic effect of modification with P Cu and Na composite is better than other modification methods. And final conclusions are obtained: the resistivity is affected by the twofold result of modification of primary silicon and eutectic silicon; the tensile strength is affected mainly by the size and shape of primary silicon; the percentage elongation is affected mainly by the morphology of eutectic structure; the modification of new electrical material Al 25%Si alloy used for rotors with P Cu and Na composite make the resistivity is high, mechanical property is better and synthetic results are best.