Stable Low‐Current Electrodeposition of α‐MnO2 on Superaligned Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers for High‐Performance Energy Storage

Metal oxide/carbonaceous nanomaterials are promising candidates for energy‐storage applications. However, inhomogeneous mass and charge transfer across the electrode/electrolyte interface due to unstable metal oxide/carbonaceous nanomaterial synthesis limit their performance in supercapacitors. Here, it is shown that the above problems can be mitigated through stable low‐current electrodeposition of MnO₂ on superaligned electrospun carbon nanofibers (ECNFs). The key to this approach is coupling a self‐designed four steel poles collector for aligned ECNFs and a constant low‐current (40 µA) electrodeposition technique to form a uniform Na⁺‐induced α‐MnO₂ film which proceeds by a time‐dependent growth mechanism involving cluster‐“kebab” structures and ending with a compact, uniform MnO₂ film for high‐performance energy storage.