Reverse Reconstruction and Bioprinting of Bacterial Cellulose‐Based Functional Total Intervertebral Disc for Therapeutic Implantation |
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| Authors: | Junchuan Yang Le Wang Wei Zhang Zhen Sun Ying Li Mingzhu Yang Di Zeng Baogan Peng Wenfu Zheng Xingyu Jiang Guang Yang |
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| Affiliation: | 1. National Engineering Research Center for Nano‐Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;2. CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing, China;3. Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Armed Police Force, Beijing, China;4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | The degradation of intervertebral discs (IVD), a typical hierarchical structured tissue, causes serious neck and back pain. The current methods cannot fully reconstitute the unique structure and function of native IVD. In this study, by reverse reconstruction of the structure of native IVD and bioprinting bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers with a high‐throughput optimized micropattern screening microchip, a total IVD is created that contained type II collagen‐based nucleus pulposus (NP) and hierarchically organized and micropatterned BC‐based annulus fibrosus (AF), mimicking native IVD tissue. The artificial NP contains rat NP cells, whereas the AF contains concentrically arranged BC layers with aligned micropatterns and attached AF cells in +/?30° alternate directions between adjacent layers. Long‐term (3 months) implantation experiments on rats demonstrate the excellent structural (shape maintenance, hydration, tissue integration) and functional (mechanical support and flexibility) performance of the artificial IVD. This study provides a novel strategy for creating highly sophisticated artificial tissues. |
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| Keywords: | bacterial cellulose bioprint intervertebral disc micropattern tissue engineering |
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