竖井式水平旋流洞含气水流模型相似律

针对竖井水平式旋流洞通气孔模型试验中通气量和掺气水流的含气率在进行原型数据换算中存在的问题,考虑到空气可压缩性,通过对气液两相流基本方程的相似理论研究,导出原模型的力学相似律.在进一步研究竖井水平旋流洞模型相似律的基础上,推导出竖井式水平旋流洞原、模型通气管截面积的换算关系和原、模型含气率分布的换算关系.将所得理论公式应用于公伯峡水电站竖井式水平旋流式泄洪洞模型试验,并为原型观测结果所证实.

Model similarity laws of gas_liquid mixed flow in horizontal swirling flow tunnels with vertical shaft

In the model test of horizontal swirling flow tunnels with vertical shaft, one important problem is the conversion of ventilation volume and similarity ratio of gas fraction to prototype. But there was significant difference between the results with and without the consideration of air compressibility. Based on the model similarity theory of gas-liquid two-phase flow and the effect of air compressibility, the mechanical similarity law of model test to prototype was developed. According to the characteristics of similarity criterion of model test in horizontal swirling flow tunnel with vertical shaft, the relationship of the sectional area of air hole and the similarity law of gas fraction ratio between model and prototype were derived. The model test result and the prototype observation of Gongboxia Hydropower Station are verify these two deduced theoretical formulas.