Immunomodulatory properties of the milk whey products obtained by enzymatic and microbial hydrolysis |
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| Authors: | Shang‐Min Huang Kun‐Nan Chen Yen‐Po Chen Wei‐Sheng Hong Ming‐Ju Chen |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50 Lane 155 Sec. 3. Keelung Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tungnan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. |
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| Abstract: | The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro immunomodulatory effect of milk whey through enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial fermentation and two‐stage hydrolytic reactions (enzymatic and microbial reactions) by analysing cytokine profiles. Results indicated that the milk whey sample fermented by Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens M1 and two‐stage hydrolytic reactions (hydrolysed by Alcalase and then fermented by L. kefiranofaciens M1) could significantly induce the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and IL‐12 compared with the milk whey control and enzymatic treatments. Further characterisation of the immunomodulatory factor by membrane filtration and mutanolysin hydrolysation, the stimulatory activity for IL‐12 and TNF‐α production was found to be reduced and to be correlated positively with the cell wall components in L. kefiranofaciens M1. In addition, Th2‐polarised splenocytes revealed that L. kefiranofaciens M1 had both IL‐12 inducing and IL‐4 repressing activities. These results suggested that L. kefiranofaciens M1 could direct the Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1. |
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| Keywords: | Alcalase cytokines immumodulation Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens nautrase whey |
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