承发包模式的价值原理

理解建筑生产活动的原理，是比较和推行不同承发包模式的基础。文章将一个建筑工程项目生产活动划分为设计、施工和管理三种类型，并阐释了各自的工作原理，包括设计的三阶段划分、设计与施工的协作，以及工程管理的工作内容；进一步分析了各项活动对于业主的价值。文章为不同承发包模式之间的比较提供了一个分析的框架；为政府主管部门进一步研究市场准入、招投标、建筑许可等监管政策的改革，合理调整设计、施工单位的分工范围，促进行业按照建筑生产活动基本规律科学发展提供了理论上的支持；为业主选择合理的项目发包模式，建筑业相关企业探索各自发展方向提供了理论上的指导。

Value Mechanism of Construction Contracting System

It is essential to understand the mechanisms of architecture/engineering/construction (AEC) activities in order to compare and promote various construction contracting systems. The work items during the implementation stage for a construction project were categorized as design，construction and management by function. The mechanism of each function was demonstrated，including the division of design into three phases，the coordination between design and construction，and the scope of project management. The value of each function for the owners was furthermore analyzed. This paper provides an analytical framework to compare different construction contracting systems, which is a theoretical support for the government to initiate a reform on regulations including market entry and tendering and building permit，and to reallocate the responsibilities of designers and contractors aiming at a scientific development of the construction sector in accordance with the principles of AEC activities. It also provides a guide for the owners to select an appropriate contracting system and for the development of AEC enterprises.