Lycopene extraction from tomato peel by-product containing tomato seed using supercritical carbon dioxide |
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Authors: | Siti Machmudah ZakariaSugeng Winardi Mitsuru SasakiMotonobu Goto Nami KusumotoKiro Hayakawa |
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Affiliation: | a Bioelectrics Research Center, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan b Chemical Engineering Department, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia c Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan d Kagome Co. Ltd., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nishinasuno-Machi, Nasu-gun, Tochigi 329-2762, Japan |
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Abstract: | This work discusses the extraction of lycopene from tomato peel by-product containing tomato seed using supercritical carbon dioxide. The presence of tomato seed in the peel by-product improved the yield of extracted lycopene. Extraction was carried out at temperatures of 70-90 °C, pressures of 20-40 MPa, a particle size of 1.05 ± 0.10 mm and flow rates of 2-4 mL/min of CO2 for 180 min extraction time. Oil from tomato seed was extracted under similar operating conditions and analyzed using GC-MS and GC-FID, while carotenoids extracted were analyzed by HPLC. The optimum operating condition to extract lycopene, under which 56% of lycopene was extracted, was found to be 90 °C, 40 MPa, and a ratio of tomato peel to seed of 37/63. The presence of tomato seed oil helped to improve the recovery of lycopene from 18% to 56%. The concentration of lycopene in supercritical carbon dioxide as a function of density at various temperatures was determined. |
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Keywords: | Lycopene Tomato peel by-product Tomato seed Supercritical CO2 extraction |
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