稻壳SiO_2/聚氨酯纳米复合材料的制备及性能研究

将酸处理后稻壳在600℃焚烧,得到比表面积为212 m2/g,纯度99.3%的稻壳SiO2纳米凝聚体,用偶联剂γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)改性后,SiO2纳米凝聚体在溶液中以纳米状态分散,大部分粒子尺寸约30~50 nm。将其与聚氨酯(PU)复合,探讨了不同SiO2含量复合材料的力学性能、热分解性能以及吸水性。研究结果表明:与纯PU相比,稻壳SiO2/PU纳米复合材料的力学性能有不同程度的提高,其耐热性能和耐水性明显增强。

Preparation and Properties of Rice Husk Silica /Polyurethane Nanocomposites

Rice husk silica nano agglomerate with purity of 99.3 % and the specific surface area value of 212 m^2/g was obtained by burning the acid treated rice husk at 600℃. After being modified with γ-glycidyloxipropyltrimethoxysilane （KH-550）, agglomerate silica particles were parted and the dimension of most of particles was about 30-50 nm. modified silica subsequently used as filler to prepare polyurethane-based nanocomposites. The mechanics properties, thermal stability and water absorption of the composites with different silica content were studied. Results showed that depending on the silica content, the strength, elongation at breaking and thermal stability of the composites can be increased and the water absorption of the composite was reduced more or less compared with pure polyurethane.