Aggregation Pheromone of Pityokteines elegans |
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Authors: | J E Macías-Sámano J H Borden H D Pierce Jr R Gries G Gries |
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Affiliation: | 1. Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada 2. Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
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Abstract: | In laboratory bioassay experiments, the beetles Pityokteines elegans were attracted to volatiles captured from bolts of grand fir, Abies grandis, colonized by P. elegans males. Male-specific volatiles detected by coupled gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analysis and by GC–mass spectrometry employing a chiral column were: (S)-(?)-ipsenol, (+)- and (?)-ipsdienol, and ipsenone. Field experiments demonstrated that 1:1 combinations of (?)-ipsenol and (±)-ipsdienol strongly attracted insects of both sexes to multiple-funnel traps. No beetles were attracted to any of these compounds alone, and both enantiomers of ipsdienol were required with (?)-ipsenol to induce attraction. Ipsenol and ipsdienol are now reported as pheromones of five Pityokteines species. Specificity of semiochemical-based communication between sympatric P. elegans and P. minutus appears to be based on host preference and on the composition and chirality of the pheromone blend. |
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