Evaluation of multiple sewage-associated Bacteroides PCR markers for sewage pollution tracking |
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Authors: | W Ahmed A Goonetilleke T Gardner |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Natural Resources and Water, 80 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Sunshine Coast, QLD 4558, Brisbane 4068, Australia b School of Urban Development, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia |
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Abstract: | The host specificity of the five published sewage-associated Bacteroides markers (i.e., HF183, BacHum, HuBac, BacH and Human-Bac) was evaluated in Southeast Queensland, Australia by testing fecal DNA samples (n = 186) from 11 animal species including human fecal samples collected via influent to a sewage treatment plant (STP). All human fecal samples (n = 50) were positive for all five markers indicating 100% sensitivity of these markers. The overall specificity of the HF183 markers to differentiate between humans and animals was 99%. The specificities of the BacHum and BacH markers were > 94%, suggesting that these markers are suitable for the detection of sewage pollution in environmental waters in Australia. The HuBac (i.e., 63%) and Human-Bac (i.e., 79% specificity) markers performed poorly in distinguishing between the sources of human and animal fecal samples. It is recommended that the specificity of the sewage-associated markers must be rigorously tested prior to its application to identify the sources of fecal pollution in environmental waters. |
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Keywords: | Feral pollution Water quality Microbial source tracking Bacteroides Sewage-associated markers |
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