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A role for human reliability analysis (HRA) in preventing drinking water incidents and securing safe drinking water |
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| Authors: | Shaomin Wu Simon French Emma Soane |
| Affiliation: | a Cranfield University, Centre for Water Science, School of Applied Sciences, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK b University of Alberta, School of Public Health, 13-103 Clinical Sciences Building, 11350 - 83 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada c The University of Manchester, Manchester Business School, Booth Street West, Manchester M15 6PB, UK d University of Strathclyde, Department of Management Science, Glasgow, Scotland G1 1XQ, UK e London School of Economics, Department of Management, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK |
| Abstract: | The prevalence of water quality incidents and disease outbreaks suggests an imperative to analyse and understand the roles of operators and organisations in the water supply system. One means considered in this paper is through human reliability analysis (HRA). We classify the human errors contributing to 62 drinking water accidents occurring in affluent countries from 1974 to 2001; define the lifecycle of these incidents; and adapt Reason's ‘Swiss cheese’ model for drinking water safety. We discuss the role of HRA in human error reduction and drinking water safety and propose a future research agenda for human error reduction in the water sector. |
| Keywords: | Human reliability analysis Human error Swiss cheese model Drinking water safety Risk Analysis Management |
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