Optimal decentralized load frequency control

A new approach for optimal decentralized load frequency control of a multi-area interconnected power system is presented, which includes the optimal design of a decentralized load frequency controller, an observer for unmeasurable local states and load disturbances, and a quadratic estimator for tie-line power flow information transmitted at intervals. The optimal design of the decentralized controller is based on a modified application of the singular perturbation theory, and the decentralized Luenberger observer uses techniques of state augmentation for exponential disturbance functions and the representation of tie-line power flows as indirectly controlled inputs. The approach presented herein is tested numerically through a two-area load frequency system model, and the results demonstrate remarkable advantages over the conventional ones.