分散型催化剂的硫化对悬浮床加氢裂化反应的影响

在反应釜中考察了单质钼的硫化对氘代异丙苯加氢裂化的影响、考察了Ni(NO₃)₂的硫化对叔丁基苯和正丁基苯加氢裂化的影响、以Ni(NO₃)₂为主催化剂的分散型催化剂的硫化对渣油悬浮床加氢裂化的影响。结果表明，Mo作用下氘代异丙苯侧链上的氢与环境中的氢发生置换的速度较快，Mo＋CS₂作用下苯环上的氢与环境中的氢发生置换的速度较快。Ni(NO₃)₂催化剂的硫化对叔丁基苯和正丁基苯分子中氢与环境中氢的置换，产生类似的影响。催化剂的硫化对不易发生自由基热反应的氘代异丙苯和叔丁基苯的氢解裂化反应和缩合反应都有促进作用；对易于发生自由基热反应的正丁基苯的缩合反应同样具有促进作用，但对正丁基的自由基裂化反应和氢解裂化反应具有抑制作用。以Ni(NO₃)₂为主催化剂的分散型催化剂的硫化，抑制了渣油的裂化，促进了甲苯不溶物的生成，因此，悬浮床加氢裂化过程中催化剂的硫化并不是必需的过程。

INFLUENCE OF SULFURIZATION OF DISPERSED CATALYST ON SLURRY BED HYDROCRACKING

The influences of sulfurization of molybdenum on hydrocracking of isopropylbenzene-D12, sulfurization of nickel nitrate on hydrocracking of tert-butylbenzene and butylbenzene, and sulfurization of dispersed catalyst using nickel nitrate as the main component on hydrocracking of two atmospheric residues were examined in the batch reactor. The exchange of branch chain hydrogen in isopropylbenzene-D12 molecular with atmospheric hydrogen was prompted when molybdenum was used. The exchange of hydrogen on aromatic ring with atmospheric hydrogen was faster when molybdenum was sulfuried. The sulfurization of nickel nitrate had the same influence on the exchange of hydrogen in tert-butylbenzene and butylbenzene molecular with atmospheric hydrogen. It had different results according the molecular structure of reactants. As regard to the reactants that not perform radical thermal cracking reactions easily, such as isopropylbenzene and tert-butylbenzene, the sulfurization of catalyst prompted hydrogenolysis cracking reaction and condensation reaction. Different from tert-butylbenzene, the radical thermal cracking reaction and the hydrogenolysis cracking reaction of butylbenzene were restricted, while the condensation reaction was prompted with the sulfurization of catalyst. On slurry bed hydrocracking of residues, the sulfurization of catalyst had the similar results as butylbenzene, that is, the cracking reaction was restricted and the condensation reaction was prompted. Therefore, the sulfurating process for dispersed catalyst in hydrocracking of residue may be not a must be done procedure.